Дебрецений тулалдаан

Дебрецений тулалдаан
	Хамаарах дайн: Дэлхийн хоёрдугаар дайны дорнод фронт
Огноо	1944 оны 10 сарын 6-29
Байршил	Унгар, Дебрецен / Ньирежхаза
Үр дүн	Шийдвэрлэгдээгүй
Байлдагч талууд
Герман; Унгар	Зөвлөлт Холбоот Улс; Румын
Командлагч болон удирдагчид
Иоханнес Фриесснер; (Армийн Өмнөд Бүлэглэл); Максимилиан Фреттер-Пико (6-р Арми)	Родион Малиновский; (Украйны 2-р Фронт); Исса Плиев (Плиевийн бүлэглэл); Марку Тубанеску
Цэргийн хүч
80,000	260,000
Хохирол
Герман: 15,000 цэрэг; Унгар: 20,000 цэрэг; Нийт: 35,000 цэрэг (18,000 олзлогдогчийг оруулаад); ~200 танк; 490 их буу	ЗХУ: 84,010 цэрэг; Румын: 33,500 цэрэг; Нийт: 117,360 цэрэг (5,073 олзлогдогчийг оруулаад); ~500 танк; 1,656 их буу

Дебрецений тулалдаан буюу Улаан Армийн Дебрецений давшилт (1944 оны 10 сарын 6-29) нь Дэлхийн хоёрдугаар дайны Зүүн фронтын Украйны 2-р Фронт дээр өрнөсөн тулалдаан юм. Өмнөд Украйны Армийн Бүлэглэлийн харьяаны, генерал Максимилиан Фреттер-Пикогийн удирдсан 6-р Арми болон Унгарын Армиын 7-р Корпусын нэгдсэн хүч Маршал Родион Малиновскийн удирдсан Украйны 2-р Фронтод шахагдан 160 гаруй км ухарсан бөгөөд Улаан Армийн давшилтын гол зорилго нь Унгарын Дебрецен, түүнд байрлах стратегийн объектуудыг эзлэн авах явдал байлаа.

Тэмдэглэл

↑ Зөвлөлтийн арми 160 гаруй км давшиж, Дебрецений тээврийн зангилааг эзэлж чадсан тул Зөвлөлтийн ялалтаар өндөрлөсөн гэж үзэх нь түгээмэл. Гэхдээ Германчууд Ньирежихазад сөрөг давшилтад орж, ингэснээр Зөвлөлтийн арми Велер Бүлэглэлийгбусдаас таслан бүслэх оролдлогыг зогсоож чадсан бөгөөд хоёр талын хохирлын хэмжээ хүн хүчтэй нь харьцуулахад бараг ойролцоо байсан тул шууд Зөвлөлтийн ялалтаар өндөрлөсөн гэж хэлэх нь хэцүү юм.
↑ This figure for Romanian losses is apparently a subtraction of the 84,010 Soviet losses mentioned in When Titans Clashed from the figure for overall Soviet and Romanian losses of 117,360 mentioned in Volume 8 of Das Deutsche Reich und der Zweite Weltkrieg. The figures from this volume appear to be taken from Ungváry's A magyar honvédség a második világháborúban (2005). Apart from the fact that Ungváry's work represents a Hungarian view of the battle, it is also of interest that total Romanian losses for operations in Hungary during the period 8 October 1944 - 15 January 1945 (a considerably longer period than the Debrecen Operation itself) are given as 42,700 in Axworthy's The Romanian Army of World War 2 (p. 23).
↑ Casualty estimates vary greatly by source. The 1978 Soviet official history (as translated into German by Horst Giertz for the German Democratic Republic (German title: Geschichte des Zweiten Welt Krieges) official translation of 1981, p. 239) states 10 Axis divisions were destroyed, 42,000 Axis POW's taken, 915 Axis armored vehicles destroyed and a further 138 captured, 856 Axis guns captured, 793 mortars destroyed and a further 681 captured, 428 half-tracks and other light armored vehicles destroyed, 416 Axis aircraft destroyed and a further 386 captured, 8 Axis armored trains and over 3,000 Axis motor vehicles destroyed. As with all Second World War historical works produced under the direction of totalitarian regimes, the reader is urged to bear in mind this material's source and that it may represent information that was distorted for the purpose of disseminating propaganda. The work of individual authors who were veterans of this conflict may likewise suffer from serious bias and contribute to the perpetuation of historical myths or propaganda. Soviet losses are not stated in the Soviet official history. The German official history (Das Deutsche Reich und der Zweite Weltkrieg, printed 2007), Volume 8 (p. 876), states casualties (including wounded) as 15,000 Germans, 20,000 Hungarians, and 117,360 Soviet troops and Romanians, while noting that 18,000 Axis troops and 5,073 Soviet and Romanian troops were taken POW. Armored losses are estimated as 200 (Axis) and 500 (Soviet), and artillery losses are given as 490 Axis pieces and 1,656 Soviet and Romanian pieces.

Эшлэл

↑ Das Deutsche Reich und der Zweite Weltkrieg (German official history, Volume 8), p. 876
↑ The figures for Axis losses may be understated. An article by Pat Mc Taggart in World War II Magazine in March 1997, noted: Fretter-Pico's Sixth Army did not end the fighting unscathed. At the end of October, his four panzer divisions (the 1st, 3rd, 13th and 24th), two panzer grenadier divisions (the 4th SS and Feldherrnhalle) and the 76th Infantry Division had a combined strength of 8,450 men fit for combat. Materiel strength was listed as 67 tanks, 58 assault guns, 62 heavy anti-tank guns and 176 artillery pieces.
↑ When Titans Clashed, p. 299: 19,713 killed or missing and 64,297 wounded
↑ The infobox figures for Axis losses are drawn from the German official history, 2007, p. 876

[1] Зөвлөлтийн арми 160 гаруй км давшиж, Дебрецений тээврийн зангилааг эзэлж чадсан тул Зөвлөлтийн ялалтаар өндөрлөсөн гэж үзэх нь түгээмэл. Гэхдээ Германчууд Ньирежихазад сөрөг давшилтад орж, ингэснээр Зөвлөлтийн арми Велер Бүлэглэлийгбусдаас таслан бүслэх оролдлогыг зогсоож чадсан бөгөөд хоёр талын хохирлын хэмжээ хүн хүчтэй нь харьцуулахад бараг ойролцоо байсан тул шууд Зөвлөлтийн ялалтаар өндөрлөсөн гэж хэлэх нь хэцүү юм.

[5] This figure for Romanian losses is apparently a subtraction of the 84,010 Soviet losses mentioned in When Titans Clashed from the figure for overall Soviet and Romanian losses of 117,360 mentioned in Volume 8 of Das Deutsche Reich und der Zweite Weltkrieg. The figures from this volume appear to be taken from Ungváry's A magyar honvédség a második világháborúban (2005). Apart from the fact that Ungváry's work represents a Hungarian view of the battle, it is also of interest that total Romanian losses for operations in Hungary during the period 8 October 1944 - 15 January 1945 (a considerably longer period than the Debrecen Operation itself) are given as 42,700 in Axworthy's The Romanian Army of World War 2 (p. 23).

[7] Casualty estimates vary greatly by source. The 1978 Soviet official history (as translated into German by Horst Giertz for the German Democratic Republic (German title: Geschichte des Zweiten Welt Krieges) official translation of 1981, p. 239) states 10 Axis divisions were destroyed, 42,000 Axis POW's taken, 915 Axis armored vehicles destroyed and a further 138 captured, 856 Axis guns captured, 793 mortars destroyed and a further 681 captured, 428 half-tracks and other light armored vehicles destroyed, 416 Axis aircraft destroyed and a further 386 captured, 8 Axis armored trains and over 3,000 Axis motor vehicles destroyed. As with all Second World War historical works produced under the direction of totalitarian regimes, the reader is urged to bear in mind this material's source and that it may represent information that was distorted for the purpose of disseminating propaganda. The work of individual authors who were veterans of this conflict may likewise suffer from serious bias and contribute to the perpetuation of historical myths or propaganda. Soviet losses are not stated in the Soviet official history. The German official history (Das Deutsche Reich und der Zweite Weltkrieg, printed 2007), Volume 8 (p. 876), states casualties (including wounded) as 15,000 Germans, 20,000 Hungarians, and 117,360 Soviet troops and Romanians, while noting that 18,000 Axis troops and 5,073 Soviet and Romanian troops were taken POW. Armored losses are estimated as 200 (Axis) and 500 (Soviet), and artillery losses are given as 490 Axis pieces and 1,656 Soviet and Romanian pieces.

[2] Das Deutsche Reich und der Zweite Weltkrieg (German official history, Volume 8), p. 876

[3] The figures for Axis losses may be understated. An article by Pat Mc Taggart in World War II Magazine in March 1997, noted: Fretter-Pico's Sixth Army did not end the fighting unscathed. At the end of October, his four panzer divisions (the 1st, 3rd, 13th and 24th), two panzer grenadier divisions (the 4th SS and Feldherrnhalle) and the 76th Infantry Division had a combined strength of 8,450 men fit for combat. Materiel strength was listed as 67 tanks, 58 assault guns, 62 heavy anti-tank guns and 176 artillery pieces.

[4] When Titans Clashed, p. 299: 19,713 killed or missing and 64,297 wounded

[6] The infobox figures for Axis losses are drawn from the German official history, 2007, p. 876

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