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'''IBM''' ('''International Business Machines Corporation''') бол 170 оронд үйл ажиллагаагаа явуулдаг Нью-Йоркийн Армонкд байрладаг Америкийн олон улсын технологийн компани. Компани нь анх 1911 онд тооцоолон бүртгэх компани нэртэйгээр үүсгэн байгуулагдаж 1924 онд "International Business Machines" буюу "Олон улсын бизнесийн машинууд" гэж нэрээ өөрчилжээ.
==Products and services==
{{see also|List of IBM products}}<!-- THIS SECTION FOCUSED ON CURRENT PRODUCTS AND SERVICES -- OLDER ONES IN HISTORY SECTION-->
[[File:IBM Interconnect.jpg|thumb|InterConnect, IBM's annual conference on [[cloud computing]] and [[mobile technology|mobile technologies]]]]
[[File:Mira - Blue Gene Q at Argonne National Laboratory - Skin.jpg|thumb|right|[[Blue Gene]] was awarded the [[National Medal of Technology and Innovation]] in 2009.]]
IBM has a large and diverse portfolio of products and services. As of 2016, these offerings fall into the categories of [[cloud computing]], [[cognitive computing]], [[commerce]], [[data]] and [[analytics]], [[Internet of Things]],<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2479438,00.asp|title=IBM Investing $3B in Internet of Things|work=PCMAG|accessdate=May 28, 2015}}</ref> [[IT infrastructure]], [[Mobile computing|mobile]], and [[security]].<ref>{{cite web|title=IBM Products|url=http://www.ibm.com/products/en-us/?lnk=hmpr|publisher=IBM|accessdate=13 August 2016}}</ref>
[[IBM cloud computing|IBM Cloud]] includes [[infrastructure as a service]] (IaaS), [[software as a service]] (SaaS) and [[platform as a service]] (PaaS) offered through public, private and hybrid [[Cloud computing#Deployment models|cloud delivery models]]. For instance, the IBM [[Bluemix]] PaaS enables developers to quickly create complex websites on a pay-as-you-go model. IBM [[SoftLayer]] is a [[dedicated server]], [[managed hosting]] and [[cloud computing]] provider, which in 2011 reported hosting more than 81,000 servers for more than 26,000 customers.<ref>{{cite web|title=Data Center Knowledge - SoftLayer: $78 Million in First Quarter Revenue|url=http://www.datacenterknowledge.com/archives/2011/05/17/softlayer-78-million-in-first-quarter-revenue/ |accessdate=14 August 2016}}</ref> IBM also offers Cloud Data Encryption Services (ICDES), using [[cryptographic splitting]] to secure customer data.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ibm.com/blogs/cloud-computing/2015/10/a-billion-reasons-you-want-to-encrypt-your-data/?S_TACT=C34409NW&S_TACT=C34409NW&S_TACT=C34409NW&S_TACT=C34409NW |title=Cloud computing news: Security|publisher=ibm.com |date=2015-10-21 |accessdate=2016-09-23}}</ref>
IBM also hosts the industry-wide cloud computing and mobile technologies conference InterConnect each year.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Lunden|first1=Ingrid|title=IBM Inks VMware, GitHub, Bitly Deals, Expands Apple Swift Use As It Doubles Down On The Cloud|url=https://techcrunch.com/2016/02/22/ibm-inks-deals-with-apple-vmware-github-bitly-and-more-as-it-doubles-down-on-the-cloud/|publisher=TechCrunch|accessdate=14 August 2016}}</ref>
[[Computer hardware|Hardware]] designed by IBM for these categories include IBM's [[IBM POWER microprocessors|POWER microprocessors]], which are employed inside many [[video game console|console gaming systems]], including [[Xbox 360]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibm.com/chips/news/2005/1025_xbox.html|title=IBM delivers Power-based chip for Microsoft Xbox 360 worldwide launch|publisher=IBM|date=2005-10-25}}</ref> [[PlayStation 3]], and [[Nintendo]]'s [[Wii U]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Staff Writer, mybroadband|url=http://mybroadband.co.za/news/gaming/26011-ibm-microprocessors-drive-the-new-nintendo-wii-u-console.html|title=IBM microprocessors drive the new Nintendo WiiU console|publisher=mybroadband.co.za|date=Jun 8, 2011|accessdate=June 17, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Leung|first=Isaac|author2=Electronics News|url=http://www.electronicsnews.com.au/news/ibms-45nm-soi-microprocessors-at-core-of-nintendo|title=IBM’S 45NM SOI MICROPROCESSORS AT CORE OF NINTENDO WII U|publisher=electronicsnews.com.au|date=June 8, 2011|accessdate=June 17, 2011}}</ref> IBM [[Secure Blue]] is encryption hardware that can be built into microprocessors,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://asmarterplanet.com/blog/2008/11/building-a-smarter-planet.html |title=Building a smarter planet |publisher=Asmarterplanet.com |accessdate=2010-05-23}}</ref> and in 2014, the company revealed it was investing $3 billion over the following five years to design a neural chip that mimics the human brain, with 10 billion neurons and 100 trillion synapses, but that uses just 1 kilowatt of power.<ref name="BrainIBM">{{cite news|title=New research initiative sees IBM commit $3 bn|url=http://www.sanfrancisconews.net/index.php/sid/223650653/scat/3a8a80d6f705f8cc/ht/New-research-initiative-sees-IBM-commit-3-bn|accessdate=10 July 2014|publisher=''San Francisco News.Net''}}</ref> In 2016, the company launched [[Flash file system|all-flash arrays]] designed for small and midsized companies, which includes software for data compression, provisioning, and snapshots across various systems.<ref>Larry Dignan, ZDNet. “[http://www.zdnet.com/article/ibm-launches-flash-arrays-for-smaller-enterprises-aims-to-court-emc-dell-customers/ IBM launches flash arrays for smaller enterprises, aims to court EMC, Dell customers].” August 23, 2016. August 23, 2016.</ref>
[[IT outsourcing]] also represents a major service offered by IBM, with more than 40 [[data centers]] worldwide.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-25773266 | work=BBC News | title=IBM commits .2bn to cloud data centre expansion | date=17 January 2014}}</ref> [[alphaWorks]] is IBM's source for emerging software technologies, and [[SPSS]] is a [[computer program|software package]] used for [[statistical analysis]]. IBM's [[Kenexa]] suite provides [[employment]] and [[Employee retention|retention]] solutions, and includes the [[BrassRing]], an [[applicant tracking system]] used by thousands of companies for recruiting.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hoovers.com/company/Kenexa_Corporation/rfrttif-1.html |title=Kenexa Corporation | Company Profile from Hoover’s |publisher=Hoovers.com |date= |accessdate=2015-10-08}}</ref> IBM also owns [[The Weather Company]], which provides [[weather forecasting]] and includes [[weather.com]] and [[Weather Underground (weather service)|Weather Underground]].
[[Smarter Planet]] is an initiative that seeks to achieve [[economic growth]], near-term efficiency, [[sustainable development]], and societal progress,<ref>{{cite news| url=http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/01/12/big-blues-smarter-marketing-playbook/ | work=The New York Times | title=Big Blue's Smarter Marketing Playbook | first=Steve | last=Lohr | date=2010-01-12 | accessdate=2010-08-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-13772_3-20012306-52.html | work=CNET News | title=At IBM Research, a constant quest for the bleeding edge | first=Daniel | last=Terdiman | date=2010-08-02 | accessdate=2010-08-08}}</ref> targeting opportunities such as [[smart grid]]s,<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/grid |title=Smart Grid |dead-url=yes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110409051620/http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/us/en/smart_grid/ideas/index.html?ca=v_grid |archive-date=April 9, 2011 }}</ref> [[water management]] systems,<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/water |title=Smarter Water Management |dead-url=yes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100418005337/http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/us/en/water_management/ideas/index.html?ca=v_water |archive-date=April 18, 2010 }}</ref> solutions to [[traffic congestion]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/traffic |title=Smart traffic |dead-url=yes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100504161755/http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/us/en/traffic_congestion/ideas/index.html?ca=v_traffic |archive-date=May 4, 2010 }}</ref> and greener buildings.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/buildings |title=Smarter Buildings |dead-url=yes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614230343/http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/us/en/green_buildings/ideas/index.html?ca=v_buildings |archive-date=June 14, 2011 }}</ref>
Services offerings include [[IBM Redbooks|Redbooks]], which are publicly available online books about best practices with IBM products, and [[developerWorks]], a website for [[software developer]]s and IT professionals with how-to articles and tutorials, as well as software downloads, code samples, discussion forums, podcasts, blogs, wikis, and other resources for developers and technical professionals.<ref name="developerWorks">{{cite web |url=http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/aboutdw/ |title=About developerWorks |website=[[IBM developerWorks]]| accessdate=22 August 2016}}</ref>
[[IBM Watson]] is a technology platform that uses [[natural language processing]] and [[machine learning]] to reveal insights from large amounts of [[unstructured data]].<ref>{{cite web|title=What is Watson?|url=http://www.ibm.com/watson/what-is-watson.html|publisher=IBM|accessdate=13 August 2016}}</ref> Watson was debuted in 2011 on the American game-show ''[[Jeopardy!]]'', where it competed against champions [[Ken Jennings]] and [[Brad Rutter]] in a three-game tournament and won. Watson has since been applied to business, healthcare, developers, and universities. For example, IBM has partnered with [[Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center]] to assist with considering treatment options for [[oncology]] patients and for doing [[melanoma]] screenings.<ref>{{cite web|title=Watson Oncology|url=https://www.mskcc.org/about/innovative-collaborations/watson-oncology|publisher=Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center|accessdate=13 August 2016}}</ref> Also, several companies have begun using Watson for [[call centers]], either replacing or assisting customer service agents.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Upbin|first1=Bruce|title=IBM's Watson Now A Customer Service Agent, Coming To Smartphones Soon|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/bruceupbin/2013/05/21/ibms-watson-now-a-customer-service-agent-coming-to-smartphones-soon/#4015489817f3|publisher=Forbes|accessdate=13 August 2016}}</ref> <!-- THIS SECTION FOCUSED ON CURRENT PRODUCTS AND SERVICES -- OLDER ONES IN HISTORY SECTION-->
==Research==
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