Монголын Ардын Арми: Засвар хоорондын ялгаа

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Choibalsan.jpg файлыг коммонсд JuTa хэрэглэгч устгасан тул арилгагдлаа. Шалтгаан: Per c:Commons:Deletion requests/File:Choibalsan.jpg.
оруулсан хүн нь орчуулж байж юмаа тавь. Энэ англи хэлний вики биш шүү.
Мөр 84:
{{Гол|Зөвлөлт-Хятадын сөргөлдөөн}}
 
During the [[Pei-ta-shan Incident]], elite [[Qinghai]] Chinese Muslim cavalry were sent by the Chinese [[Kuomintang]] to destroy the Mongols and the Russians in 1947.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=IAs9AAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=warlords+and+muslims&source=bl&ots=KzhMe1dpqU&sig=YUq2zwbyUFNCsO5Jnt2RTAKL0rc&hl=en&ei=SdobTNyIEYO8lQfuvYm1Cg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CBgQ6AEwAQ#v=snippet&q=elite%20tungan%20cavalry%20incident&f=false|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|author=Andrew D. W. Forbes|year=1986|publisher=CUP Archive|location=Cambridge, England|isbn=0-521-25514-7|page=214|accessdate=2010-06-28}}</ref>
 
The [[military of Mongolia]]n's purpose was national defense, protection of local [[communist]] establishments, and collaboration with [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] forces in future military actions against exterior enemies, up until the [[1990 Democratic Revolution in Mongolia]].
[[File:50 years of the Mongolian People's Army.jpg|right|thumb|200px|50 years of the Mongolian People's Army]]
 
==Улс төрийн номлол==
The central Political Administration Unit was established in the army in 1921 to supervise the work of political commissars ([[Politruk]]) and party cells in all army units and to provide a political link with the Central Committee of the [[Mongolian People's Party|MPRP]] in the army. The unit served to raise morale and to prevent enemy political propaganda. Up to one third of army units were members of the party and others were in the [[Mongolian Revolutionary Youth League]].
 
The Red Mongol Army received sixty percent of the government budget in early years and it to expanded from 2,560 men in 1923 to 4,000 in 1924 and to 7,000 in 1927. The native armed forces stayed linked to [[Soviet Red Army]] intelligence groups and [[NKVD]], Mongolian [[secret police]], and [[Buryats|Buryat]] Mongol [[Comintern]] agents acted as administrators and represented the real power in the country albeit under direct Soviet guidance.
 
==Бэлтгэл сургалт==
By 1926 the government planned to train 10,000 conscripts annually and to increase the training period to six months. Chinese intelligence reports in 1927 indicated that between 40,000 and 50,000 reservists could be mustered at short notice. In 1929 a general mobilization was called to test the training and reserve system. The expected turnout was to have been 30,000 troops but only 2,000 men presented. This failure initiated serious reforms in recruiting and training systems.
 
==Хүчин чадал==
In 1921-1927 the land forces, almost exclusively [[Cavalry|horsemen]], numbered about 17,000 mounted troops and boasted more than 200 heavy [[machine gun]]s, 50 mountain [[howitzer]]s, 30 [[field gun]]s, seven [[Armored car (military)|armored car]]s, and a maximum of up to 20 light [[tank]]s.
 
== Үндсэн нэгжүүд ба моторжуулалт ==
 
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[[Файл:БНМАУ-н цэргийн цол|thumbnail|[[File:Mongolian People’s Revolutionary Army.jpg|thumb|БНМАУ-н цэргийн цол 1936-1940 он]]]]
==Армийн зэрэг цол==
 
*Enlisted
Private (PVT)
Private first class (PFC)
Corporal (CPL)
Sergeant (SGT)
Staff Sergeant (SSG)
Sergeant first class (SFC)
Master Sergeant (MSG)
First Sergeant (1SG)
Sergeant Major (SM)
Command Sergeant Major (CSM)
Sergeant Major of the army (SMA)
*Officer
2nd Lieutenant (2LT)
1st Lieutenant (1LT)
Captain (CPT)
Major (MAJ)
Lieutenant Colonel (LTC)
Colonel (COL)
Major General (MAJ GEN)
Lieutenant General (LT GEN)
General (GEN)
Marshal of Mongolia (MAR)
===Дүрэмт хувцас===
Because it was established on a Soviet military system, the Mongolian People's Army used similar uniforms with the [[Red Army]], only with Mongolian distinctions. Until 1924, People's Army personnel wore traditional [[deel (clothing)|deel]], which had their respective shoulder insignias. In the mid-1930s, the army adopted Soviet [[Gymnasterka]] and developed its true rank and distinction system. All personnel were distinct by their sleeve and collar insignias from the general population when the gymnastyorka was rather popular. After the [[Battle of Khalkhin Gol]], slight modifications were made. In 1944 all uniforms and insignia were significantly changed to include shoulder insignia and camouflage cloaks, similar to Soviet uniform modifications.
 
From the 1960s, the equipment and uniforms of the Mongolian People's Army were included a program to modernize the military. As before, the Mongolian People's Army (a [[Warsaw pact]] ally) was similar to the Soviet Red Army in appearance and structure.
 
[[File:Monumento ruso en Ulan Bator, Mongolia.jpg|right|thumb|200px|The Soviet-Russian and Mongolian tiled mural at the World War II en:Zaisan Memorial, Ulan-Bator, from the People's Republic of Mongolia era.]]
[[File:A Mongolian soldier performs during the opening ceremony for exercise Khaan Quest 2013 at the Five Hills Training Area in Mongolia Aug. 3, 2013 130803-M-MG222-004.jpg|right|thumb|200px|A Horsemen with by Soviet similar uniform performs during the opening ceremony for exercise Khaan Quest 2013 at the Five Hills Training Area in Mongolia Aug. 3, 2013]]
 
==Байлдааны үйл ажиллагаа==
{{Main|Participants in World War II#Mongolia}}
Units of Mongolian People's Army supported and [[allied]] with a Soviet Red Army in the [[Battle of Khalkhyn Gol]] in 1939 and on the western flank of the [[Soviet invasion of Manchuria]] in 1945. Domestically, it took part in the suppression of the [[1932 armed uprising]]. Also involved to many border conflict against [[Manchukuo Imperial Army|Manchukuo]] with a [[Kwantung Army]] (one of large part of the [[Imperial Japanese Army]]) and Chinese [[National Revolutionary Army]].[[Imperial Japanese Army]] recorded 152 minor incidents on the border of Manchuria between 1932 and 1934. The number of incidents increased to over 150 per year in 1935 and 1936, and the scale of incidents became larger.
 
In January 1935, the first armed battle, {{Nihongo|[[Halhamiao incident]]|哈爾哈廟事件|Haruhabyō jiken}} occurred on border between [[Mongolia]] and Manchukuo.<ref>Charles Otterstedt, [http://www.hsdl.org/?view&did=445559 ''Kwantung Army and the Nomonhan Incident: Its Impact on National security'']</ref> Scores of Mongolia cavalry units engaged with [[Manchukuo Imperial Army|Manchuko army]] patrol unit near the [[Buddhist temple]] Halhamiao. Manchuko Army incurred slight casualties, including a Japanese [[military advisor]].
 
Between December 1935 and March 1936, the {{Nihongo|[[Orahodoga incident]]|オラホドガ事件|Orahodoga jiken}}([[:ja:オラホドガ事件|ja]]) and the {{Nihongo|[[Tauran incident]]|タウラン事件|Tauran jiken}} ([[:ja:タウラン事件|ja]]) occurred. In these battles, both Japanese Army and Mongolian Army used a small number of [[armoured fighting vehicle]]s and [[military aircraft]].
 
 
[[File:Khalkhin Gol George Zhukov and Khorloogiin Choibalsan 1939.jpg|thumb|200px|Khalkhin Gol George Zhukov and Khorloogiin Choibalsan 1939]]
 
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==Хуягт корпус==
Under Soviet support campaign for mechanization, the army formed its first mechanized unit in 1922. Also it was by structure in the ground force half-[[mechanization]] cavalry in the other units distributed to light armored vehicles until 1943. It began to process to motorised since 1943.
This is a list of Mongolian People's Army tanks and armour during the 1922s-World War II period.
 
===Хуягт машин===
*Орос[[Остин Путилов]] (2 ш)
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==Монголын ардын армийн Агаарын цэргийн хүч 1925–1945 он==
{{Гол|"Монгол ард" нисэх онгоцны эскадриль}}
The Mongolian People's Army Aviation drastically improved with Soviet training and vastly ameliorated within a time span of several years. In May 1925, a [[Junkers F.13]] entered service as the first aircraft in Mongolian civil and military-related aviation. In March 1931, the [[Soviet Union]] donated three [[Polikarpov R-1]]s to the Mongolian People's Army, with Mongolia further purchasing three R-1s.<ref name="Walg1 p18-9">Walg ''Air Enthusiast'' November/December 1996, pp. 18–19.</ref> In 1932, an [[1932 armed uprising in Mongolia|uprising broke out]] against [[Collectivization]], which saw both Soviet and Mongolian-operated R-1s taking part in actions against the rebellion. The aircraft carried out reconnaissance, [[Airborne leaflet propaganda|leaflet dropping]], and bombing missions<ref name="Walg1 p19-0">Walg ''Air Enthusiast'' November/December 1996, pp. 19–20.</ref> Chinese intelligence reports that in 1945 the Mongolian People's Air Force had been with a three-fighter and three-bomber aviation-[[regiment]], and one flight training school and greater air [[Squadron (aviation)|squadrons]]. It was reported that headquartered in the [[Kempeitai|Mukden Manchukuo spy-section]] in October 1944 air force whole units had been 180 aircraft and 1231 flight and technical personnel. The Mongolian People's Army Aviation demonstrated its full potential during the [[Battle of Khalkhin Gol]], which was its largest engagement. Apart from intercepting intruding aircraft, People's Aviation was used heavily to repress domestic rebel movements.
 
The [[Mongolian Air Force|Mongolian People's Air Force]] has operated a variety of aircraft types.
 
===Сургалтын===
* [[Avro 504|По-1]]