Трансформатор: Засвар хоорондын ялгаа
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Мөр 19:
5.илүүдэлийн блан
6.хөргөх радиотор
==Ерөнхий зарчим==
===Зохимжит ажиллагаатай трансформатор===
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{{anchor|Ideal transformer equations}}
'''Ideal transformer equations (eq.)'''
Фарадейн индукцын хуулиар:
<math>V_\text{S} = -N_\text{S} \frac{\mathrm{d}\Phi}{\mathrm{d}t}</math> . . . (1){{efn|Where ''V''<sub>s</sub> is the instantaneous voltage, ''N''<sub>s</sub> is the number of turns in the secondary winding, and dΦ/dt is the [[derivative]]
of the magnetic flux Φ through one turn of the winding. With turns of the winding oriented perpendicularly to the magnetic field lines, the flux is the product of the [[magnetic flux density]] and the core area, the magnetic field varying with time according to the excitation of the primary. The expression dΦ/dt, defined as the derivative of magnetic flux Φ with time t, provides a measure of rate of magnetic flux in the core and hence of EMF induced in the respective winding. The negative sign is described by Lenz's law.}}
<math>V_\text{P} = -N_\text{P} \frac{\mathrm{d}\Phi}{\mathrm{d}t}</math> . . . (2)
(1) ба (2) дахь харьцааг хавсаргахад
Эргэлтийн харьцаа <math>=\frac{V_\text{P}}{V_\text{S}} = \frac{-N_\text{P}}{-N_\text{S}}=a</math> . . . (3) where
:for step-down transformers, ''a'' > 1
:for step-up transformers, ''a'' < 1
[[Энерги хадгалагдах хуулиар]], [[одоогийн хүч]], [[бодит хүч]], [[реактив хүч]]нүүд нь оролт ба гаралтын үед хадгалагдана
<math>S=I_\text{P} V_\text{P} = I_\text{S} V_\text{S}</math> . . . (4)
Combining (3) & (4) with this endnote{{efn|Although ideal transformer's winding inductances are each infinitely high, the square root of winding inductances' ratio is equal to the turns ratio.<ref name="Brenner (1959)">{{cite conference|author2=Javid, Mansour|last=Brenner|first=Egon|title=§18.1 'Symbols and Polarity of Mutual Inductance' in Chapter 18 – Circuits with Magnetic Circuits|booktitle=Analysis of Electric Circuits|year=1959|publisher=McGraw-Hill|pages=598–599|url=https://books.google.com/books/about/Analysis_of_electric_circuits.html?id=V4FrAAAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y}}</ref>}} yields the ideal transformer [[identity function|identity]]
<math>\frac{V_\text{P}}{V_\text{S}} = \frac{I_\text{S}}{I_\text{P}}=\frac{N_\text{P}}{N_\text{S}}=\sqrt{\frac{L_\text{P}}{L_\text{S}}}=a</math> . (5)
By [[Ohm's Law]] and ideal transformer identity
<math>Z_\text{L}=\frac{V_\text{S}}{I_\text{S}}</math> . . . (6)
Apparent load impedance ''Z'''<sub>L</sub> (''Z''<sub>L</sub> referred to the primary)
{{nobr|<math>Z'_\text{L} = \frac{V_\text{P}}{I_\text{P}}=\frac{aV_\text{S}}{I_\text{S}/a}=a^2\frac{V_\text{S}}{I_\text{S}}=a^2{Z_\text{L}}</math> . (7)}}
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