Холокост: Засвар хоорондын ялгаа
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[[Зураг:Rows of bodies of dead inmates fill the yard of Lager Nordhausen, a Gestapo concentration camp.jpg|thumb|240px|April 12, 1945: Нордхаузэн лагерьт 20.000 хоригдол үхсэн байв.]]
'''Холокост''' ({{lang-gr|''ὁλόκαυστον''}} (латинчилбал: Holókauston): ''holos'' - "бүхэл" ба ''kaustos'' - "шатаасан" гэсэн утгатай үг), мөн '''Шоах''' (''{{lang-he|השואה}}'', (латинчилбал: ''ha'shoah''): "гай гамшиг, эмгэнэлт явдал"; [[Иддиш хэл|иддиш хэлээр]]: ''חורבן'', (латинчилбал: ''churben'' буюу ''hurban''): "сүйрэл, мөхөл"<ref name=Britannica>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/269548/Holocaust "Holocaust," ''Encyclopaedia Britannica'', 2009]: "the systematic state-sponsored killing of six million Jewish men, women, and children and millions of others by Nazi Germany and its collaborators during World War II. The Germans called this "the final solution to the Jewish question ..."</ref>) нь [[Адольф Гитлер]]ийн удирдаж байсан [[Нацист Герман]], [[Тэнхлэгийн гүрнүүд|түүний холбоотнууд]], түүний талд ажиллагсдын хэрэгжүүлсэн төрийн дэмжлэгтэй жүүдүүдийг системтэй устгах хөтөлбөрөөр [[Дэлхийн хоёрдугаар дайн]]ы явцад Европын 6 сая орчим жүүдийг аймаглан устгасан явдлыг тодорхойлоход хэрэглэдэг нэр томъёо юм.<ref name=Niewyk1>Niewyk, Donald L. ''The Columbia Guide to the Holocaust,'' [[Columbia University Press]], 2000, p.45: "The Holocaust is commonly defined as the murder of more than {{formatnum:5000000}} Jews by the Germans in World War II." Also see "The Holocaust", ''Encyclopaedia Britannica'', 2007: "the systematic state-sponsored killing of six million Jewish men, women and children, and millions of others, by Nazi Germany and its collaborators during World War II. The Germans called this "the final solution to the Jewish question".</ref>
Зарим эрдэмтэд Холокостын тодорхойлолтод бусад олон ард түмнийг, тухайлбал [[католик шашин]]тнууд, [[польш]] угсаатнууд, [[цыганууд]], Зөвлөлтийн энгийн иргэд, Зөвлөлтийн цэргийн олзлогдогсод, тахир дутуу хүмүүс, ижил хүйстнүүд, жэновагийн гэрч нар, бусад улс төр, шашны өрсөлдөгчдийг сая саяар нь системтэй устгасныг оруулах нь зүйтэй гэж үздэг.<ref name=Niewyk45>Niewyk, Donald L. and Nicosia, Francis R. ''[http://books.google.ca/books?id=lpDTIUklB2MC&pg=PP1&dq=Niewyk,+Donald+L.+The+Columbia+Guide+to+the+Holocaust&sig=4igufxQHRCNrkjwRuMt1if_mf5M#PPA45,M1 The Columbia Guide to the Holocaust]'', [[Columbia University Press]], 2000, pp. 45-52.</ref> Энэхүү тодорхойлолтоор авч үзвэл, [[Холокостын хохирогчид]] 11 - 17 сая болно.<ref>Donald Niewyk suggests that the broadest definition, including Soviet civilian deaths, would produce a death toll of 17 million. [http://books.google.ca/books?id=lpDTIUklB2MC&pg=PP1&dq=Niewyk,+Donald+L.+The+Columbia+Guide+to+the+Holocaust&sig=4igufxQHRCNrkjwRuMt1if_mf5M#PPA45,M1 Google Books] Estimates of the death toll of non-Jewish victims vary by millions, partly because the boundary between death by persecution and death by starvation and other means in a context of [[total war]] is unclear. Overall, about 5.7 million (78 percent) of the 7.3 million Jews in occupied Europe perished ([[Martin Gilbert|Gilbert, Martin]]. ''Atlas of the Holocaust'' 1988, pp. 242-244). Compared to five to 11 million (1.4 percent to 3.0 percent) of the 360 million non-Jews in German-dominated Europe. Small, Melvin and J. David Singer. ''Resort to Arms: International and civil Wars 1816-1980'' and [[Michael Berenbaum|Berenbaum, Michael.]] ''A Mosaic of Victims: Non-Jews Persecuted and Murdered by the Nazis. New York: New York University Press, 1990''</ref>
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